From plaster to plywood, there are a number of different materials we can use for our walls and ceilings. However, one of the most commonly used is drywall ' and for good reason. In this guide, discover 10 types of drywall you can use in your home improvement project together with the history of drywall, what it's made of, benefits.
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The term, drywall, refers to the dry form of plaster being applied on sheets rather than the wet form. Drywall is mainly made of gypsum and can be seen in modern buildings. It comes in large panels that consist of gypsum cores placed between two heavy sheets of paper. These sheets are often made from recycled paper, with one side being smooth while the other side is more like a paper-backing. Raw gypsum is a mined material that's mixed with many additives, including paper pulp, starch, and a thickening agent. It is then blended with water to form a thick paste. This thick paste is spread onto the paper in thick layers.
An additional sheet of paper is then laid on top before the entire board is placed in an oven to heat at temperatures of up to 500 degrees Fahrenheit. Once the oven heat has dried the material, it is prepared for cutting. The most typical sheet sizes vary from 4×8 feet to 4×12. These are the most popular as they allow quicker installation on taller walls.
Interestingly, drywall boards contain a large amount of water in gypsum. This water is in crystal form, hence the reason why the gypsum molecules are dry. These water molecules play an important role in providing the drywall its fire-resistance qualities. As the board gets hot, the water crystals start destabilizing and vaporizing until the water reaches its boiling point. The evaporating water crystals prevent the drywall from heating up, thus protecting the structure it's built on.
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Aside from being inexpensive, easy to work with, and flexible, drywall has many more advantages over plaster. It is readily available and can be painted to match a wide range of interior finishes. The sheets are easily cut with a sharp knife and sanded before getting painted. What's more, drywall is noncombustible.
Eager to know more about the reasons to choose drywall? Here are some of the top advantages of this material:
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Why Choose Drywall?Drywall finish levels are graded from 0 to 5, indicating the extent of finishing required:
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What are the different grades of drywall?The regular or white board drywall is the most common type used in both residential and commercial buildings. In a regular drywall, the mineral, gypsum, is placed between two layers of paper sheets. The paper on the back of the panel is usually brown while the other one is grey in color. A regular drywall board can be used throughout a house and is available in a variety of dimensions. The most common size is a 4×8 foot sheet.
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Another commonly found type of drywall sheet is a green board. This is a more mold-resistant type used in rooms where moisture can be an issue ' for example in the kitchen, bathroom, attic, and basement. To maximize mold resistance, I recommend using drywall mud on the green board. This type of drywall generally costs 20% more than white or regular drywall, but it is well worth considering in moisture-prone rooms.
Another highly moisture-resistant drywall that's used for veneer plastering is the blue board. This drywall board has high mold and water resistance and is often used in basements and bathrooms. In addition to its unique water absorption qualities, blue board helps reduce noise, thus making it an ideal choice for converted basements and other habitable spaces in the home.
Purple boards resist mold, mildew, and moisture. They are also scratch and dent resistant, thus making them a good choice for high-traffic areas. These drywall panels are around 30% more expensive than white boards, offering superior moisture and mold resistant qualities that regular boards lack in.
Purple boards can be used with all ceiling and wall applications wherever enhanced mold and moisture resistance is needed. Being only 5/16 inches thick, these boards are super easy to install and repair.
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While all types of drywall are fire-resistant, there is a special type that has higher ratings than others. The type X drywall consists of several thickness layers to achieve a higher fire rating.
The type X drywall is more difficult to cut and work with when compared to regular boards. The sheets are enclosed in the ivory-colored paper that comes with a strong liner back. They are usually used in apartments and garages and made from special non-combustible fibers. The thickness of these boards is 5/8 inches with excellent soundproofing characteristics.
To make a type X board, the 5/8 inch thick gypsum panel must achieve a minimum of 1-hour fire-resistance rating or 3 hours of fire-resistance rating for a half-inch board in a single layer.
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The type C drywall is also the same thickness as the type X. The difference between the two is that more glass fibers are used in type C. In addition, the gypsum core of type C has anti-shrinkage properties, which makes it an improved version of type X.
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Soundproof drywall is exactly the same thickness as a white board, but it is layered rather than flat. There is a quarter-inch layer of gypsum in between the front and back paper followed by a membrane and a further layer of gypsum of the same size. These layers reduce noise transmission from one room to another.
To install soundproof drywall boards, no special equipment or tools are required. These panels are highly recommended for home theaters, but they do cost significantly higher than regular drywall (up to 400% more!).
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Soundproof Drywall BoardPaperless drywall consists of sandwiched gypsum between fiberglass instead of paper. This type of drywall is highly resistant to moisture, mildew, and mold and is mostly used in bathrooms.
Paperless DrywallAnother popular drywall type that's highly resistant to water and mold is the subsurface cement board. This type of drywall is usually used in shower and bath areas. It is seen as a stable base for installing tiles on. The cement board is reinforced with fibers that make it very rigid. Aside from cement, veneer stone can also be used to manufacture these boards.
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Cement BoardThis innovative product, VOC-absorbing drywall, is designed to capture and neutralize volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the air. It effectively traps these chemicals, which are commonly emitted by building materials and everyday cleaning products, rendering them inert. Remarkably, this drywall remains effective for up to 75 years, even when painted or covered with a light wallcovering.
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VOC-Absorbing DrywallMoisture-and-mold resistant drywall is ideal for interior walls in kitchens, bathrooms, and basements. These drywall boards have moisture-resistant cores to prevent water and moisture intrusion.
Drywall is a construction material used to cover the framing of interior walls and ceilings. Sheetrock is a specific brand of drywall that is known for its higher quality, which often makes it more expensive than other types of drywall.
What is sheetrock vs drywall?Drywall thickness varies from ¼ inches, 3/8 inches, half inches, and 5/8 inches. The panel lengths are usually 8 feet to 10 feet, but they can go as long as 16 feet. The widths are typically 48 inches and the most common size you will find is a 4×8 drywall panel in ½ inches thickness.
The most recommended thickness for residential projects are the ¼ and 3/8 inches in a single and double layer application. These thin, lightweight panels are mainly used to cover the top of a cracked plaster wall or ceiling in order to achieve a smooth surface.
The ½ inch thick panels are usually single-layer applications that are commonly used in residential buildings. Most window and door frames are designed for use with this drywall thickness.
The 5/8 inch thick panels are for single-layer applications over studs. These panels control sound better and are recommended for garages and other fire-prone rooms. The Type X drywall normally comes as a 5/8 inch wallboard with boric acid or perlite for added fire resistance.
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Drywall gets its name because it is installed without the use of water, unlike plaster, which requires waiting for each layer to dry before applying the next.
Drywall is a generic term for a construction material made of gypsum. Sheetrock is a popular brand of drywall manufactured by U.S. Gypsum Corporation, also composed of gypsum.
Yes, you can paint over drywall. However, you should not paint directly onto new, unpainted drywall. It needs to be primed first because unprimed drywall will absorb too much paint.
Drywall is likely to suit any type of home improvement project you have. Over the years, it has evolved into better quality materials that meet the specific needs of different types of rooms. By understanding the benefits of drywall and the different types available, you can pick the best one for your project.
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Drywall is a popular building material made from gypsum that is used to form the flat surfaces of walls and ceilings in most modern homes. Also known as wallboard, plasterboard, gypsum board, or Sheetrock (a popular brand name by U.S. Gypsum Corporation), drywall is a convenient alternative to plaster. There are several different types of drywall that you can install depending on the space. There is also an ECO board made from recycled material to create drywall that looks like concrete.
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One important advantage that drywall offers is the presence of tapered edges on the long sides of drywall sheets. When joined together, these edges form a shallow recess for drywall tape and joint compound that allows for invisible finished joints. The different drywall options are often known by their color, and it's important to choose the right type for your project.
Below, learn about different types of drywall and their uses for projects at home.
What Is Drywall Made Of?
Most types of drywall are constructed out of gypsum, which is then sandwiched between two sheets of thick paper. Special coatings and additives make drywall soundproof, fireproof, rot-resistant, moisture-resistant, or mold-resistant.
Drywall vs. Plaster
Easier to install and fix, and less prone to cracking, drywall has overtaken the use of plastered walls in most homes. Durable and more fire-resistant than drywall, plaster requires a skilled worker to form the foundation and apply the material to the walls. However, plaster may be a better choice if you have the following situations:
Types of Drywall
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