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Non-sparking tools are those made without iron'that is, made from non-ferrous materials like brass, copper-nickel alloys, bronze, or copper-aluminum alloys. They may also be made of copper-beryllium alloys, but these present challenges because of the toxic nature of beryllium dust, which can be a carcinogen. Wood, plastic, and leather tools are also classed as non-sparking.
Be aware that 'non-sparking' is something of a misnomer: non-sparking tools can produce 'cold sparks' that don't contain enough heat to cause carbon disulfide, the substance with the lowest ignition point, to catch fire. But you still may see sparks even when using non-sparking tools.
So if non-sparking tools are themselves a safety precaution, what other safety concerns could there be? Here are 5 tips for using non-sparking tools safely that may explain concerns when using tools made of non-ferrous materials:
Non-sparking wrenches, chisels, hammers, crowbars, and other non-ferrous tools are softer than tools made with iron. As a result, they may become worn more quickly. A hammer, chisel, or wrench with a worn striking surface or handle can be a hazard. Ensure you inspect your non-sparking tools before each use and send worn ones to be redressed.
It's essential to keep non-sparking tools clean. Any tool can pick up dust or residue from the materials worked on, and these residues can cause sparking, even though the tool is made to avoid creating sparks.
Store non-sparking tools in an adequately cross-ventilated location to avoid moisture and dust build-up. An accumulation of dust can cause sparks and explosions in hazardous work areas where gases, vapors, or other flammable substances are present.
Acetylene reacts with copper to create explosive acetylides. Using copper in contact with acetylene in humid environments is especially hazardous as moisture increases the risk of reaction.
Different types of non-sparking tools are used for different applications. Read, re-read, and read the user manual again. Know how and where your specific tool may and may not be used safely. To use your tool safely, it's also critical to understand your work environment and the composition of gases, vapors or other materials that are present, and what the user's manual says about how your specific tool will react in that environment.
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These 5 tips for using non-sparking tools safely should enhance safety in the work environment. Never become complacent about using non-sparking tools: vigilance with cleanliness and attention to cross-ventilation and wear are necessary at all times.
Commonly used hand tools are often manufactured of steel alloys. Preferred 'non-sparking' metals have less tensile strength than steel used to make tools. A lower tensile strength means the metal has less strength or resistance to tearing apart when stretched under test conditions. It also means that these tools are softer, wear down more quickly than ordinary steel tools, and must be dressed more frequently.
'Non-sparking,' 'spark reduced,' 'spark-resistant,' or 'spark-proof' tools are names given to tools made of metals such as brass, bronze, Monel metal (copper-nickel alloy), copper-aluminum alloys (aluminum bronze), or copper-beryllium alloys (beryllium bronze).
Non-sparking tools also generate sparks, sometimes referred to as 'cold sparks'. These cold sparks have a low heat level and do not ignite carbon disulfide, which has the lowest ignition point of any known substance. Therefore, while 'non-sparking' tools may lower the risk of a spark, they do not eliminate the possibility of sparks. The name 'non-sparking' is misleading because these tools are capable of producing a spark: the term 'reduced-sparking tools' better describes these tools.
Non-metals like wood, leather, and plastic are suitable for some tools like shovels, scrapers or scoops and do not pose a friction spark hazard.
Non-sparking tools provide protection against fires and explosions in environments where there is a concern about sparks igniting flammable solvents, vapours, liquids, dusts, or residues.
NOTE: It is important to assess each situation carefully and use the appropriate tools for the hazards that are present. In some cases, 'non-sparking' tools may still be able to produce a spark. Contact the tool manufacturer and the producer of the flammable material (for example) for recommendations and more information.
NOTE: It is also important to consider the metals used in the tools themselves. For example, beryllium has been associated with several health issues, including cancer. While exposure to beryllium dust is likely very low with the general use of non-sparking tools, it may be a consideration when grinding or polishing the tool itself.
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