Most edible oils are made from plants, like soybean oils, sunflower oils, groundnut oils, palm oils, olive oils, coconut oils, etc. These cooking oils are extracted through different oil milling technologies. The oils coming from oil pressing plant or solvent oil extraction plant is called crude oils, which contains a lot of impurities, like cake chips, colloidal impurities, free fatty acids, pigments and odour substances. Edible oil refining process is to remove all these unwanted and unhealthy substances to make vegetable oils more suitable for consumption and storage and increase its edible and market value.
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Palm Oil
Soybean Oil
Canola/Rapeseed Oil
Sunflower Oil
Groundnut Oil
Cottonseed Oil
Edible oils segment is expected to generate revenues of USD 11.18 billion by . The market is expected to grow at a rate of 4.51% per annum (CAGR -). There are great and stable demand for high quality edible oils around the world. In order to enjoy more competive edges in cooking oil industry, it is necessary to equip your oil mill plant with professional oil refining equipment, or you can just start your own business by setting up an edible oil refinery plant.
------ Classified by Working Principle
The oil refining process is carried out in batches, with relatively limited capacity; It takes up small space and can be operated simply; Wide application and less investment cost make it best cooking oil refining machine to start refined edible oil business; It is suitable for small oil mill plants;
The middle oil refining sections, such as degumming, deacidifaction, is carried out in batches and requires waiting. While the deodorization section is carried out continuously without waiting to ensure high oil yield in the finished edible oil; It is suitable for medium-sized oil mill plants.
The oil refining process is fully continuous, with high automation, high capacity, low labour costs and high quality final refined edible oils; It requires large investment compared with other types of oil refining machines. It is suitable for medium and large cooking oil mill projects.
Undertake 1~TPD Edible Oil Refining Project
Edible oil refining is the collective name for a series of processes to remove solid impurities, free fatty acids, phospholipids, gums, waxes, colours, odours, etc. from vegetable oils. There is a standard refining process to produce high-quality edible oils. This is because it is important for an oil refining plant to ensure that they produce high quality oil products at all times. Meeting these standards is sometimes difficult due to the rapidly increasing demand for edible oil.
Edible Oil Refining Process Flow Chart
ABC Machinery has rich experiences in providing tailor-made edible oil refining solutions for edible oil milling business, from factory design to completed project installation and debugging, we have strong engineer team to help to solve all the technical problems.
Edible Oil Degumming Process
This is the first stage in the edible oil refining process. It involves the removal of impurities from the crude oil. These impurities are mostly phosphatides, which are also known as gums. Crude oil extracted from sunflower seed, rapeseed, and soyabean contains a large amount of phosphatides.
It is important to remove the "gums" because they have emulsifying properties. If not, the oil will become thermally unstable and can decompose.
This is the next process after degumming. It is sometimes referred to as deacification refining. In this process, alkalis such as caustic soda help to remove fatty acids from the oils. The reaction of caustic soda and fatty acids causes soap stock to form at the bottom of the container for easy removal.
Edible Oil Deacidification Process
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Edible Oil Decoloration Process
Here, the oil is mixed with clay adsorbent. This helps to remove the color that crude oil has. The process also helps to remove contaminants such as residual gums and soap stock, chlorophyll, trace metals, and oxidation products.
For the bleaching process to be effective, there are several factors to take note of. They include equipment type, temperature, adsorbent properties, contact time, moisture, and vacuum.
Edible Oil Deodorization Process
Edible Oil Dewaxing Process
This process is also known as the dewaxing process. It is a thermo-mechanical process to crystallize the solid particles left in the oil. A crystallization agent is added to the oil and allowed to cool.
After crystallizing these particles, mechanical separation helps to remove them. This process is usually done on cotton and sunflower seed oil.
In terms of oil production cost control, edible oil refining equipment is required to remove the maximum amount of impurities, the minimum amount of oil loss, the minimum amount of drainage and the minimum amount of additives. It is therefore extremely important to know how to control the loss of oil. The losses incurred by the refining equipment in production are related to the impurities removed in each edible oil refining process, taking soybean oil as an example, the losses in each refining process are as follows:
' Filtration: 1.3~1.5 times the amount of suspended impurities
' Degumming: 1.5 times of phospholipid substances,1.65%~5.25% of the oil
' Deacidification: 1.05~1.2 times that of free fatty acids, about 2.1%~2.4% of the oil.
' Deodorization: 0.2%~0.4% of the oil.
' Decoloration: 0.15%~0.75% of the oil (depending on adsorbent)
' Simple Calculation: Total Oil Loss = Alkali refining loss + 0.6%
The above is oil loss by soybean oil refining process. But it is just for reference only. It should be calculated according to specific or the actual situation in production.
The edible oil industry is very profitable. It has low risk and a good return on investment. However, there is a lot of work for you to do to be successful. If you don't where and how to start it, just contact us, we are always happy to share with you professional information about edible oil refinery, which will help you to be well on your way to maximize profits of the edible oil refinery business.
Offer equipment selection, factory design and project installation from 1~500 tons per day
ABC Machinery has been contributing to the professional and technigical development of cooking oil milling field. We have undertaken many oil refining plant projects in different regions since the establishment in . We have helped customers with edible oil refining projects setup and won their trust. As the core business of ABC Machinery, we never stop to update the equipment and technology of cooking oil refining with the aim to providing our customers with more reliable and less cost project. We have nearly hundreds of a model of successful projects, with rich designing, construction experience, strong strength and well-deserved reputation. With strong strength and good reputation, we have acculate rich practical experiences in designing and construction through successfully completed nearly hundreds of a model project in Australia, Mexic, Jameica, Pakistan, Zambia, etc.
After oil clarification (for pressed oils), the oil can be refined as shown below.
The crude oil is then transferred either to special degumming in the physical refining route, to water degumming, or directly to neutralization in the chemical refining route. In the chemical refining route, free fatty acids undergo a reaction to create aqueous soap, which is removed from the oil in centrifuges. The physical refining route removes only some impurities (mostly phosphatides, also known as phospholipids or gums) from the oil. Some oils, such as sunflower and corn, go through a dewaxing step to achieve the prescribed cold stability, that is, to be able to retain clarity at low temperature. The bleaching process removes additional impurities, such as metals, soap residues and colour components. Finally, to prolong shelf life, the oil undergoes deodorization to initiate thermal decomposition of residual colour, any components lending unwanted taste, and peroxides. Volatile compounds (mostly fatty acids) are removed via steam stripping at about 240 ' 260°C under vacuum. Fatty acid distillate is produced as a valuable by-product in the physical refining route, much less so for the chemical refining route.
Last but not least, take advantages of our Utility Process Systems to further cutting operational costs in your edible oil refinery plants by reducing utility expenses ' whether power, process water, steam, fuel and/or cooling media.
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