Degree of filling refers to the amount of MBBR media required per m3 of reactor volume. It is usually expressed as percentage of reactor volume. The filling ratio is highly specific property of MBBR media and it is governed by its surface area, media size and shape, amount of biofilm retained and biofilm thickness formed on it, weight and diffusion gradient obtained due to biofilm thickness.
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Based on the above combination of properties, a specific filling ratio is obtained for each MBBR media. Too low filling ratio can result in heavier colonization while too high filling ratio result in excessive mixing energy required, higher diffusion gradient resulting in poor penetration of pollutants within biofilms which in turn reduces the removal efficiency of MBBR reactor.
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A crucial factor in the Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR) process is the sufficient and frequent contact between the wastewater components and the microorganisms attached to the carrier (biofilm). The necessary mixing of the carrier elements in the reactor (reaction tank) can be achieved using the process air supply required in aerobic treatment processes. In anaerobic treatment processes, the carriers in the reaction tank can be moved properly by pumping water or by using immersed, slowly-rotating mixers.
The characteristics and quality of the biofilm establishing on the carrier surface is not only influenced by shear forces in the tank but also by the composition and the loads of the pollutants in the wastewater (substrate). The more the wastewater is polluted with biodegradable pollutants, the more intense and the faster the growth of biomass.
Problems caused by a decrease in biodegradation efficiency are largely a consequence of an intense thickness of the biofilms, resulting in a reduction of the active carrier surface area. The MBBR Eco Chip does not have this issue. Its process is very different in that the biofilms, which colonize the pores of the Eco Chip and which try to grow out of the pores, are kept constantly thin by shear forces. These shear forces evolve on the outsides of the carrier elements due to their movement in the water, and provide the self-cleaning effect of the MBBR Eco Chip. Consequently, the biofilms remain thin as they are protected from the shear forces only inside the pores. Thin biofilms are crucial for an optimal supply of the microorganisms with substrates (removable pollutants and nutrients) as well as with the oxygen required for the aerobic biodegradation processes. In this way, the MBBR Eco Chip allows for constantly high biological removal rates and reliable process stability.
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