Rising stem valves provide a stem that rises or falls as the valve opens or closes. This means that the actuation system converts rotational motion into linear movement of the valve stem when it is in operation. So, unlike its non-rising counterpart, the valve stem in this design indicates the position of the valve disc. In this article, we will review a rising stem gate valve, a rising stem ball valve, a rising stem globe valve, and compare the rising stem valve vs. its non-rising counterpart.
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Generally, gate valves serve to start or stop flow, rather than regulate it. As a result, the valve disc is completely removed from the flow path when in the open position, which minimizes pressure drop. But when in a completely closed position, there is no flow and no pressure drop.
This feature makes it the go-to option in isolation applications, especially in large-diameter and high-pressure lines. The rising stem gate valve has its thread external to the valve body. So, when the handwheel is rotated, it drives the nut within the bonnet, leading to the raising or lowering of the stem.
Thus, identifying the position of the valve is made easy as the rising stem is always up when open and down when closed. As such, a larger installation height is required for this valve design relative to the non-rising design. Another advantage of this design is the ease of lubrication because the threading is exposed.
Unlike the gate valve, the rising stem globe valve is suitable for regulating and also isolating flow. However, the pressure drop across this valve is more than in gate valves because of partial obstruction of the flow path when the valve is open. The configuration of globe valves can be for the valve disc to either open or close in the direction of fluid flow. As a result, the kinetic energy of the fluid aids the opening and or closing of the valve depending on the direction of flow.
The normally recommended flow direction is for the flow to enter and go underneath the disc and flow up and around the disc before exiting the valve. Globe valves come with a flow direction arrow on the body. This feature makes globe valves ideal for fail-open or fail-close valve applications. Also, it means that the direction of flow is an important consideration in sizing the actuator. Since globe valves are designed for the disc to push flush up against the seat when closed, there is no “wedging” torque/thrust effect to consider when actuating.
Because the entire pressure exerted on the valve disc is transmitted to the stem, the size of rising stem globe valves is typically limited to NPS 12. From the exterior, the rising stem globe valve looks like its gate valve counterpart but has a shorter stroke. Thus, it enables faster operation and makes it ideal for automation. Another advantage of the globe valve is that it comes in t-shape, y-shape, and angular (90 Degree) patterns, which is helpful when space is limited. The use of rising stem globe valves is common where regulation of flow is desired such as in cooling water systems, fuel oil systems, and turbine drains.
Similar to the gate valves, rising stem ball valves are used for on and off applications. Because their components are usually all-metal, they operate in a wide range of temperatures between -200℃ and 815℃. Their design is such that there is no abrasion between the ball and seat, nor seal rubbing. Both of these conditions promote the long-term integrity of the valve and minimize the torque requirement for opening and closing the valve.
Another feature that improves the longevity of these valves is that they are self-cleaning. When the valve is closed, the fluid flows along the entire sealing surface, cleaning impurities. And because the ball surface is hardened, it provides great seal performance even when in contact with severe media. Unlike the rising stems of gate and globe valves, ball valve stems rise and fall using stem guide grooves to slide along a rigid guide pin. This ensures proper alignment of the ball. There are two types of rising stem ball valves based on configuration.
Both rising and non-rising stem valves enjoy widespread adoption in industry. Choosing between the two requires a careful examination of the benefits of each type.
ParameterRising Stem ValvesNon-rising Stem ValvesAppearanceFrom a distance, it is easy to know if the valve is in the open or closed position. This can be important for operators of complex piping facilities.Its appearance does not tell if it is in an open or close position. So, an indicator is used to verify this.Position of stem nut and threadingThe stem nut, which rotates to achieve lifting or falling of the stem, is located within the bonnet or bracket. Same with the stem threading. Because they are external, it makes it easy for maintenance.The stem nut here is concealed within the valve body, so it is in contact with the fluid. As a result, it is subject to corrosion, erosion, etc.Mode of transmissionWhen the handwheel rotates, the stem nut also rotates in place as the stem rises or falls.The handwheel and the stem are connected so there is no relative motion between them.Installation spaceBecause of the stem extension, this requires more space for installation. As a result, its application may be limited.Can easily be installed in tight spaces when there is no room for the extension of the stem. Thus, giving this design a wider range of applications.Rising Stem vs Non-rising Stem ValveGate valves are classified according to the type of stem, which can be divided into two types: open stem gate valve and Non-rising stem gate valve. The
two are different in transmission mode, valve body structure, installation
space, application range and etc.
Non-Rising Stem Gate Valve Rising Stem Gate Valve
● The difference in transmission mode. The transmission mode of the Rising stem gate valve is that the handwheel drives the nut to rotate in place, and the valve stem is linearly raised and lowered. Through the threaded transmission of the valve stem and the steering wheel, the valve disc rises and falls to complete the switch; the Non-rising stem gate valve is a hand wheel drives the valve stem to rotate. The hand wheel and the valve stem are connected together and relatively immovable. There are threads in the gate, and the valve stem rotates at a fixed point to drive the gate to rise and fall.
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● The difference in structure. The structure of the rising stem gate valve is that the stem nut is on the bonnet or bracket. When the gate is opened and closed, the stem nut is rotated to realize the lifting of the stem. The structure of the concealed stem gate valve is that the stem nut is in the valve body and is in direct contact with the medium; when opening and closing the gate, it is realized by rotating the stem.
● The difference in installation space. The rising stem gate valve requires a larger installation space because of the stem; the height of the Non-rising stem gate valve is small, and it will not take up too much space during installation.
● The difference in application scope. The structure of the rising stem gate valve is beneficial to the lubrication of the stem, and the degree of opening and closing is obvious; the stem thread of the Non-rising stem gate valve is not only unable to be lubricated, but it is directly corroded by the medium and is easily damaged. Therefore, the open stem gate valve is more The Non-rising stem gate valve has a wider range of applications.
All aspects listed above are the differences between the Rising stem gate valve and the Non-rising stem gate valve.
Next, I would like to tell you how to judge the Rising stem gate valve and the Non-rising stem gate valve.
The stem of the Rising stem gate valve drives the gate up and down together. The drive thread on the stem is outside the valve body. The opening and closing and position of the gate can be intuitively judged according to the movement direction and position of the valve stem; the drive thread of the Non-rising stem gate valve is located on the valve. Inside the body, during the opening and closing process, the valve stem only rotates, the gate is raised and lowered in the valve body, and the valve opens and closes without rotating the steering wheel.
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