Choosing the right furnace is critical for the success of your business and the quality of your parts ' and there are a lot of choices available. When purchasing a new piece of heat-treating equipment, here are three essential tips to consider during your research.
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Before purchasing a furnace or upgrading an older one, the first step is assessing your process and production needs. There are many types of furnaces available and you want to be sure you are investing in the one that best meets your needs. For example, do you have stringent industry regulations (e.g., AMS , Nadcap, CQI-9 or others) that you need to meet?
One common misunderstanding is that you can purchase a furnace that is AMS or Nadcap certified. In actuality, it is the responsibility of the end user to first, purchase a furnace that is capable of meeting the required industry regulations and second, to operate, maintain and test the equipment so that you can prove your process and capabilities meet the requirements of the certification process.
When assessing your needs, another consideration to keep in mind is which class of furnace you will need in order to achieve your industry requirements. In some cases, there may be very few regulations, but in other cases ' such as AMS and Nadcap ' there are very strict guidelines for temperature uniformity, data recording and much more. So you'll want to purchase the right class of furnace that will allow you to meet these guidelines.
Vacuum furnace systems are classified into six categories: Class One through Class Six. Class One has the most stringent requirements with the smallest range in temperature uniformity, while Class Six applies the least restricted furnace requirements and the widest range of temperature uniformity. The range of temperature uniformity varies from ±5 °F (±3 °C) to ±50 °F (±28 °C).
So if a furnace manufacturer claims their furnace is certified for a certain industry standard, be sure you are clear on which class the furnace is and if it is truly capable of achieving the standards you need to reach. It may be true that a lower furnace class can meet some of the certification requirements ' for instance, you may be able to meet one or two of the specifications outlined ' but there may be a few requirements that the equipment, if it is the wrong class, may never be able to achieve regardless of how you operate or maintain your furnace.
In the end, it is your particular process and the desired results that will determine which class of furnace works best for you. Therefore, it is imperative that you know what you are trying to achieve, as well as the part material and geometry you will be heat treating.
The next step in choosing the right furnace is to determine which options you will need for your furnace. This is also very dependent on your process, parts and certifications you may need to achieve. Regardless of the requirements you are trying to meet, controlling your process and measuring your results will allow you to continually improve your heat-treating results so that you can perfect and maintain a high standard of quality in the parts you produce.
Some furnace options to consider are:
Finally, you should also learn more about the available controls technology when you are attempting to choose the right heat-treating furnace. These various technologies may be included or optional additions. Again, the choices you make should be based on the processes you will run in the furnace, the material of your parts, and the requirements of your company, your customers and/or your industry.
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Maintenance, safety and ease of use should also be considered when choosing a new furnace or upgrading an older furnace. For example, in many older furnaces, a manual adjustment of the heating elements via trim pots is required but, with a controls upgrade, you can monitor and adjust the heating elements through the industrial computer's interface, making it safer and free from human error.
From simple optimization to automating processes for precise, repeatable results, there are a variety of controls options:
There are other options and things to consider when buying a new furnace or upgrading an older one, but these tips will help you get started. Always keep in mind your process, parts and industry regulations as you begin your research. Choosing a furnace is a big investment, one that, if chosen wisely, can streamline your processes and save critical time and resources.
There are several types of forevacuum pumps
Rotary vane technology is a popular choice for medium vacuum applications, but will exhibit oil back streaming. This can be an issue if a process is sensitive to contamination, for example precision coating. If the application demands an oil free environment, diaphragm and scroll pumps in particular would be suitable. However, both have lower pumping speeds than a rotary vane pump and the scroll can generate particles from its tip seals and is best suited to benign applications. Moreover, diaphragm pumps have a poor base pressure.
For high pumping speeds with good base pressure, the addition of roots pumps in combination with a rotary vane pump will increase pumping speed, but oil back streaming will still occur. Screw drypumps are an oil free option with high pumping speeds even without an added roots pump and can also handle difficult process applications.
There are several choices available for an additional pump for high vacuum processes:
Both diffusion pumps and turbo pumps offer similar base pressures. As with RV pumps, diffusion pumps are a source of oil contamination, but offer high pumping speeds. Turbomolecular pumps are an oil free option. However, the maximum pumping speed of the largest turbo is only around 5% that of a large diffusion pump.'
For processes requiring large throughput in the high vacuum range, similar to a diffusion pump but without the issue of oil contamination, a cryopump where gases are trapped using low temperature might be appropriate. These pumps do not require a backing pump whilst operating, but will need a forevacuum pump for regenerating - the frequency of which would be process dependent.
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