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FUNERALS IN FUJIAN
Kenneth Dean
Unknown to most outside observers of modern China who believe it to be monolithic, atheistic and materialist, and wholly divorced from its traditions, an enormous resurgence of traditional rituals, local cults, and popular culture has been gathering force since , when the Chinese government relaxed its controls on the practice of religion. In the face of continuing government restrictions and prohibitions, villagers in isolated areas of Southeast China have begun an enormously significant effort to restore traditions suppressed since the Communists took power and almost completely destroyed during the Cultural Revolution.
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During my two-year stay in Fujian, China ( 1 985-1 987), 1 I visited scores of temples of local gods and attended over fifty rituals. These rites included week- long god processions involving tens of thousands of villagers, five-day community festivals centering around Taoist Jiao Offering rituals, five-day funerals complete with theatrical rituals such as the "Smashing of Hell," and several exorcisms featuring mediums in trance.
I collected over 380 manuscripts in Fujian (mostly photographed). These include Buddhist and Taoist scriptures, sectarian scriptures, liturgical manuscripts, temple records, baojuan, divinatory poems, rare regional opera scripts, and woodblock prints of local deities. Many of these manuscripts had been recently recopied.2
Cahiers d'Extrême- Asie 4 () : 19-78
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