1. What are the types of bending machines?
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The bending machine is divided into three types: manual bending machine, hydraulic bending machine, and CNC bending machine. Manual bending machine is divided into mechanical manual bending machine and electric manual bending machine. According to the synchronous mode, the hydraulic bending machine can be divided into mechanical synchronous bending machine, torsion axis synchronous bending machine, machine-hydraulic synchronous bending machine, and electro-hydraulic synchronous CNC bending machine.
According to the movement mode, the hydraulic bending machine can be divided into an up-moving type and a down-moving type. The down-moving type is when the workbench and the workpiece on the workbench move upward together, and the slider does not move. At present, it is relatively rare in the domestic market, and most of them are up-moving. The workpiece does not move, and the slider moves downward. According to the control mode, it can be divided into ordinary hydraulic sheet metal bending machine, economical CNC bending machine, and electro-hydraulic synchronous CNC bending machine.
2. Introduction to the function of the bending machine
The bending machine is a kind of forging machinery. Its main function is to perform sheet metal processing on sheets, especially large sheets. By matching various molds, sheets can be bent, stretched, Rounded, punched, etc., and widely used in light industry, aviation, shipbuilding, metallurgy, instrumentation, electrical appliances, stainless steel products, steel structure construction, and decoration industries.
The bending machine includes a bracket, a workbench, and a clamping plate. The workbench is placed on the bracket. The workbench is composed of a base and a pressure plate. The base is connected to the clamping plate through a hinge. The base is composed of a seat shell, a coil, and a cover. In the depression of the seat shell, the top of the depression is covered with a cover plate.
When in use, the wire is energized to the coil, and after energization, an attractive force is generated on the pressure plate, to realize the clamping of the thin plate between the pressure plate and the base. Due to the use of electromagnetic force clamping, the pressure plate can be made into a variety of workpiece requirements, and it can also process workpieces with side walls. The bending machine can meet the needs of various workpieces by replacing the bending machine mold.
The hydraulic bending machine adopts a steel plate welding structure; vibration aging eliminates stress, and the frame has good rigidity and stability; it works smoothly, is safe and reliable, and is easy to operate; it achieves the ideal bending effect through coordinated control of the electrical and hydraulic systems.
3. Main components and structure of the machine
1. Slider part: The slider part of the hydraulic bending machine is composed of a slider, an oil cylinder, and an automatic stop material fine-tuning structure. The left and right oil cylinders are fixed on the frame, and the piston (rod) drives the slider to move up and down through hydraulic pressure.
2. The workbench is composed of a movable workbench and a vertical plate, which are processed by a large CNC milling and boring machine.
3. Synchronization system: This machine is composed of a torsion shaft and arm to form an automatic synchronization device, with a simple structure, stable and reliable performance, and high synchronization accuracy. The automatic stop is regulated by the motor and the ESA system displays the value.
4. Stopper Automation
5. Outsourced accessories
5.1. Main electrical components: Suzhou Siemens Electric Co., Ltd.;
5.2. Hydraulic parts: Rexroth;
5.3. Sealing ring: Japan Valqua Company;
5.4. Control system: ESA S640
5.5. Main motor: Jiangsu Yingkai Motor Company.
5.6. Oil pump: American Sunny
5.7. Mold material: T10# steel overall heat treatment, quenching, and tempering.
4. recommended machine
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Antique helmet ' made by forging a thick circular sheet of metal | © dcw25 ' stock.adobe.com
Historic hammer forge in Tyrol | © hubert ' stock.adobe.com
Old wooden workbench with integrated vices | © juriskraulis ' stock.adobe.com
A gunsmith's workshop around , reproduction of a woodcut by Hans Burgkmair. © Sunny Celeste / Alamy Stock Foto
But first, a definition ' what is a bending machine?
'Bending machine, a machine tool to shape spatial workpieces from flat or rod-shaped initial material without cutting: metal plates, strips, rods, tubes etc.'
From: Meyers Großes Universallexikon.
In the ancient world: sheet metal processing with divine fire
The history of bending machines can be traced back to ancient times. Sheets of copper, gold, silver and all kinds of alloys were forged. Hammering, also called repoussage or chasing, was employed to shape, bend and make numerous items: coins, jewellery, tools, everyday objects, arms and armour parts.
Sheet metal products were very popular in ancient times and blacksmiths were highly-respected specialists. Hephaestos, the Greek god of metalworking, was the only craftsman among the gods who was also responsible for fire.
People continued hammering for centuries ' by hand and with water power
The blacksmith's craft spread and metalworking technology continued to develop. From the 11th century onwards, metal was not only hammered by hand. It now became possible to manufacture and process steel sheets in large quantities. Huge hammers in water-powered hammer forges took over the really hard work ' making it easier and more efficient to manufacture commodities. 'It only became possible to produce larger panels of around 500 by 500 mm with a thickness of < 1mm with the help of these mechanical hammers,' writes Gerd Ising about the historical development of metal bending on brakes.
Mediaeval sheet metal processing: between workbench and vice
So, the metal sheets were available and people were busy bending and shaping them. They did so ' and it can still be done today ' on any well-equipped workbench; it could even be a simple wooden table a carpenter's bench. The thin metal was, and still is, shaped freely: it is practically brought into the desired shape over an edge with a hammer.
However, the work began to be divided up following the foundation of the guilds. The blacksmith no longer had to produce and process the metal sheets, this was now done by the sheet fabricators. A number of different professions emerged, some of which still exist to day, or in a similar form: ornamental metalsmiths and goldsmiths through to tinsmiths, tinkers, whitesmiths and tinners. A woodcut from around impressively documents the state of manufacturing technology in the pre-industrial age: in this view of a gunsmith's workshop, the special shaping and flaring tools can also be seen very clearly.
The invention of the vice at the beginning of the 16th century meant that it was then possible to bend thicker or narrow sheets ' but obviously only over the width of the vice jaws.
A bigger solution had to be found for larger sheets. It looked something like this in mediaeval workshops: the sheet was clamped between two wooden beam with threaded rods made of wood and then worked with a hammer. A second beam was sometimes attached to the lower beam with a leather strap that could be used to bend the sheet around the upper beam. Unfortunately, not only the sheet but also the complete beam was sometimes bent.
The history of the bending machine continues ' read Part 2:
The history of the bending machine: from the Industrial Revolution to the present day
Sources
Meyers Großes Universallexikon, Volume 2, page 424, Bibliographisches Institut AG, Mannheim
Gerd Ising, Die Schwenkbiegemaschine, Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt
Wikipedia, Hammer mill, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
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