A vacuum furnace is a type of furnace in which the product in the furnace is surrounded by a vacuum during processing. The absence of air or other gases prevents oxidation, and heat loss from the product through convection, and removes a source of contamination.
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A vacuum furnace refers to the use of vacuum systems (consisting of vacuum pumps, vacuum measuring devices, vacuum valves, etc.) in the specific space of the furnace chamber to remove the air from the furnace chamber so that the pressure in the chamber is less than a standard atmospheric pressure, the space in the furnace chamber to achieve a vacuum, and then heat the workpiece.
The vacuum furnace chamber is mainly divided into a stainless steel chamber, ceramic fiber chamber, molybdenum foil chamber, and graphite chamber. The maximum temperature ranges from 750°C to °C.
Vacuum furnace heating elements are mainly divided into resistance wire, silicon carbon rod, molybdenum wire and rod, silicon molybdenum rod, graphite, induction coil, etc. The maximum temperature ranges from 750℃ to ℃.
The temperature control system of the vacuum furnace is mainly composed of thermocouples (temperature measurement) and temperature controllers (temperature control). It is mainly divided into PID programmable control, touch screen control, and PLC fully automatic control.
The vacuum system consists of vacuum valves, mechanical pumps, diffusion pumps and Roots pumps according to the required vacuum level. The maximum vacuum level is generally 7×10-3 Pa.
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According to the size of the furnace chamber, a matching water cooling system is required to ensure that the vacuum furnace can work properly.
The furnace shell casing must be well sealed to ensure that the designed vacuum level can be achieved.
The simple working principle of the vacuum furnace is that the furnace chamber is pumped through the vacuum system to achieve a vacuum. Then the heating element is heated, and the temperature control system controls the heating speed and holding time so that the material is heated under the vacuum.
The continuous vacuum furnace essentially transforms the batch vacuum furnace into a straight through furnace. Work is no longer processed into and out from the same side – rather work is loaded into the entry side and unloaded from the exit side of the furnace. Modules consist of load/evacuation chambers, preheat and high heat chambers, multiple heat position chambers, and quench (oil and/or pressurized gas) chambers. Small batches are therefore indexed in a continuous fashion making this style furnace highly productive in processes that range from annealing, brazing, carburizing, sintering, to hardening. With the continuous vacuum furnace, the heat chamber typically remains hot and under vacuum making for a highly efficient and pure system.
Gasbarre’s complete line of Continuous Vacuum Furnaces is listed below.
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