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Unit 3: ChucksAfter completing this unit, you should be able to:
' Describe different type chucks.
Chucks:
Some work pieces, because of their size and shape, cannot be held and machined between lathe centers. Lather chucks are used extensively for holding work for machining operations. The most commonly used lathe chucks are the three jaw universal, four jaw independent, and the collects chuck.
Three-jaw universal chuck:
Three-jaw universal chuck is used to hold round and hexagonal work. It grasps the work quickly and within a few hundredths of a millimeters or thousandths of an inch of accuracy, because the three jaws move simultaneously when adjusted by the chuck wrench. This simultaneous motion is cause by a scroll plate into which all here jaws fit. Three jaws chucks are made in various sizes from 1/8-16 inch in diameter. They are usually provided with two sets of jaws, one for outside chucking and the other for inside chucking.
Figure 1: Three-jaw universal chuck
Four-jaw independent chuck:
This four- jaw independent chuck has four jaws; each of which can be adjusted independently by a chance wrench. They are used to held wound, square, hexagonal, and irregular-shaped workpieces. The jaws can be reversed to hold work by the inside diameter.
Figure 2: Four-jaw independent chuck
Collect chuck:
The collect chuck is the most accurate chuck and is used for high precision work and small tools. Spring collects are available to hold round, square, or hexagon shaped workpieces. A adaptor is filled into the taper of the headstock spindle, and a hollow draw bar having an internal thread is instead in the opposite end of the headstock spindled. As the hand wheel and draw bar is revolved, it draws the collet into the tapered adaptor, causing the collet to tighten on the workpieces.
Figure 3: Collect chuck
The Jacob collect chuck has a wider range the spring collect chuck. Instead of a draw bar, it incorporates an impact-tightening hand wheel to close the collect on the workpiece. A set of II rubber flex collects, each capable of a range of almost 1/8 in, makes it possible to hold a wide range of work diameter. When the hand wheel is turned clockwise, the rubber flex collect is forced into a taper, causing it to tighten on the workpiece. When the hand wheel is turned counterclockwise, the collect opens and releases the workpiece.
Magnetic chucks:
A magnetic chucks are used to hold iron or steel parts that are too thin, or that may be damaged if held in a conventional chuck. These chucks are fitted to an adaptor mounted on the headstock spindle. Work id held lightly for aligning purposes by turning the chuck wrench approximately ¼. After the work has been turned
Faceplates:
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A faceplates are used to hold work that is too large or of such a shape that it cannot be held in a chuck or between centers. Faceplates are equipped with several slots to permit the use of bolts to secure the work, so that the axis of the workpiece may be aligned with the lathe centers. When work is mounted off ' center, a counterbalance should be fastened to the faceplate to prevent imbalance and the resultant vibrations when the lathe is in operation.
1. What are the most commonly used lathe chucks? Name three.
2. Describe three-jaw universal chuck.
3. Describe four-jaw universal chuck.
4. Describe Collect chuck.
5. Describe Jacobs collect chuck chuck.
6. Describe Magnetic chucks chuck.
7. Describe Faceplates
A lot of different forces are generated when cutting operations are performed on a machine. To avoid vibration and reduce jerk during cutting operations, the tool needs to be held firmly in the tool post with the help of bolts.
There are various types of workholding devices for different operations. We will focus on describing the differences between the types of lathe chucks.
A lathe chuck is mounted on the headstock of a lathe and can be actuated manually or under power. Typically, it is used to hold a rotating workpiece, such as a bar, and some can also hold irregularly shaped objects that lack radial symmetry. Although the primary function of a lathe chuck is intended for lathes, there are cases where a manual chuck can also be mounted to a milling machine to achieve concentric clamping.
: manually open or close jaws with a screw or pinion. A manual type of chuck is actuated by using a T-handle wrench in the access holes on the outside diameter of the chuck. The manual chuck might be equipped with one-piece jaws, or two-piece jaws with a removable top jaw. To improve efficiencies, Schunk also offers a 'quick-change' chuck which allows the changing of jaws in seconds compared to minutes, allowing you to increase your productivity.
allows manufacturers to spend more time cutting than setting up the machine. Additionally, the Power Lathe with Quick Change Jaws reduces the time it takes to change the setup on a chuck from each job, providing fast return on investment for a chuck which costs more upfront than a
standard soft top jaw
.
: the through-hole makes possible the machining of large raw material diameters, and the functional components hardened and ground on all sides guarantee a high degree of run-out and repeat accuracy. This also allows for bar-feeding applications for ultimate throughput, keeping the machine running all the time.
like the power lathe chuck with through-hole, this chuck also guarantees a high degree of runout and repeat accuracy. Chucks without through-holes are also well protected against dirt and chips, which makes them appropriate for use in both vertical and horizontal lathes.
with large through-bores, this power chuck is good for machining pipes and comparable workpieces typically found in Oil and Gas industries. The chucks are actuated pneumatically via a mounted or integrated cylinder. The main benefit of these clamping devices is the fact that they do not require space for a hydraulic unit. As a result, they are appropriate for fast opening and closing movements of the clamping device.
Different workholders and lathe chucks are used depending on the operation. Learn more about our selection of lathe chucks with Schunk, our preferred supplier for this type of toolholder.
For more information, and to inquire about buying workholding tools for your shop, contact us.
Contact us to discuss your requirements of different types of chucks. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.