Pipe fittings are a perfect solution for providing connections for pipelines. Additionally, they can modify pipeline systems by extending the run or altering the pipe flow direction. Various pipe fittings exist for different applications and industries, including water supply, pharmaceuticals, power generation, petrochemicals, pulp & paper, and others. Pipe fittings for water supply come in multiple materials, types, shapes, and sizes. Hawle offers a wide range of mechanical pipe fittings for the most common types of pipes used in the water supply. Prior to selecting the ideal pipe fitting for your application, you should base your decision on certain criteria to assure its compatibility.
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Flanged pipe fittings are a prevalent type of pipe fittings. They connect piping system equipment such as pipes, valves, and pumps by being screwed together. When two flanges are bolted together, and a gasket forms a seal between them, the result is a flanged junction.
The selection of the type of flanged fitting depends on the system and application, where temperature and pressure are important factors. Flanged pipe fittings are often employed in water supply networks and are compatible with most common pipe types. They are simple to use, universal, and great for rigid pipelines, given they fit in tight spaces. Moreover, their maintenance is simple as it is easy to disconnect and reconnect them. However, note that flanged pipe fittings require bolts and are prone to leakage. Hawle offers a vast range of flanged pipe fittings to fit your need.
System connections are unique mechanical pipe fittings designed to attach water pipes made of plastic, such as HDPE/PE/PEX and OPVC/PVC.
There are still many pipes older than a century in several European cities that need to be replaced because of significant leakage rates. When these pipes fail, they are frequently replaced by PE and PVC pipes, as they offer lower failure rates than other materials. To meet this need, Hawle offers System pipe connections that are perfect for plastic pipes. System pipe connections are attached to the pipes using a brass grip ring with teeth elements, providing a restraint connection for plastic pipes.
Compared to other pipe laying technologies like PE-welding, for the System installation, no special tools or machinery or specially trained personnel are needed. Cold, rainy weather or groundwater in the pit also do not affect the fast and safe System assembly. In addition to that, Hawle has a certificate from an external independent institution '100 Years Expected Lifetime'.
Among other valve manufacturers of comparable mechanical connections for PE pipes, Hawle offers one of the broadest product pallets with System : Pipe connections, bends, couplings, end caps, combi- and gate valves, suited for all types of installations are all part of the Hawle System offering. System diameters might be as little as d63 or as large as d630, depending on the product.
Most old water pipelines are built using cast iron, concrete, or asbestos cement. Retrofitting these old pipes with lighter and more flexible plastic components is common. However, properly connecting more recent plastic pipes to older concrete and metal ones might be difficult due to size and coupling incompatibilities. Synoflex range facilities this operation easily thanks to its high tolerance and multirange restraint couplings which were exclusively designed to join incompatible pipes. Hawle Synoflex multirange restraint joints can join a wide range of unique pipe combinations, such as:
Hawle Synoflex multirange restraint joints also enable metal ' metal or plastic ' plastic combinations. Some of the advantages of Synoflex connections include:
Synoflex provides various pipe connections to meet a vast range of needs. These include the Synoflex couplings, Synfolex flange adapter, Syno connector, and SynoZAK adapters. However, it is worth noting that Synoflex is only available up to DN 400.
Hawle has a broad palette of pipe fittings for house connections up to 2", offering a versatile range of fittings to suit your needs. These include non-threaded pipe fittings, including push-fit fittings, Hawle ZAK connections and and conventional threaded pipe fittings. Pipe push fittings are becoming increasingly popular compared to conventional fittings as they are much faster to install without needing specialized equipment, saving time and money.
Hawle ISO pipe fittings made of ductile iron (with an epoxy powder coating) or polyoxymethylene (POM) are suitable for PE pipes according to EN -2 and DIN , up to PN 16. The Hawle ISO pipe fitting is the ideal push connection for PE pipes that have been tried and tested for decades. The joint is flexible, making the installation of the fitting quick and straightforward. Similar to the Hawle-FIT series, ISO fittings are available in various types: with external and internal thread, connector, elbow 45°- 90°, T-piece, end stop, wall inlet fitting, etc. By using the new 2-K gripring the ISO fittings can be used for PVC pipes acc. to EN ISO -2.
ZAK connections are threadless, restraint-joining systems for service connections. The bayonet-style connection of the ZAK-system is simple and fast, meaning service line connections can be made or removed in seconds. The ZAK-system saves time and does not require separate sealing products to make 100% leak-proof connections. Made from high-quality castings in Europe, ZAK-system fittings are made of GJS-400-15 ductile iron and coated inside and out with a durable epoxy powder coating.
To ensure its safety for distribution, fittings used in the water supply must meet the standards set by European Authorities. These include the drinking water certification, for example, from the Austrian and German Associations for Gas and Water (ÖVGW and DVGW, respectively. Protecting human health and the environment is a top priority at Hawle. Most fittings on the Hawle portfolio are designed for municipal water supply. This means that parts in contact with drinking water are certified and lead-free to ensure their safety for human health and the environment.
T-fittings, or pipe tee fittings are fittings that are used to connect two or more pipes. These fittings, characterized by their T-shaped form, attach the two pipes at a 90-degree angle. Among all pipe fittings and connectors, the T-fitting is one of the most adaptable and is frequently used in domestic, industrial, and commercial settings. Hawle offers various T-fittings made of different materials, also available in the Hawle-FIT and ISO-fittings series.
Similarly, a cross fitting is a pipe fitting with four openings in four directions used to connect four pipes. The pipe cross may have one inlet and three outlets or vice versa. In addition, the inlet and outlet diameters may be the same or different.
In water systems involving the underground piping of water to domestic or to industrial areas, there is the need to bring a water supply to the surface at various strategic locations. Duck foot bends are often employed to connect fire hydrants away from or at the end of a pipeline. A duck foot bend fitting consists of two ends, where one end is vertical and the other is curved. In a fire hydrant application, the vertical end is connected to the bottom of the hydrant while the other end is often connected to a pipeline at a recommended depth below the ground.
Plumbing is all about pipes and fittings. Pipes establish the runs that bring or take water, with fittings controlling and manipulating the flow. Pipes are simple enough: they're straight, and come in different sizes. Pick the right material and length, and you're pretty much good to go. Fittings - for a plumber - are much the same. But for the average homeowner, there are a lot of fittings. Some can be perplexing, others downright intimidating once materials and sizing are considered. The sizing we'll explore in another article; for now, you can learn a little bit about the most common fittings found in your home's plumbing. Never again will you need to ask for "the thingy with the two ends that connects the two pipes at an angle"!
Adapters are used to extend runs, or to simply change the connection type at the end of a pipe. This allows dissimilar pipes to be connected, without the need for a more involved setup.
Adapters are available in most all standard materials: ABS, brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.
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Bushings are used to join pipes of different sizes, usually by reducing a larger fitting down to a smaller pipe. Bushings are usually - not always - threaded both inside and out, and take up very little space compared to a coupling or union, which accomplish the same goal.
Offered in: ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.
Note: Some fitting types, like bushings, have limitations placed on their use (or are not allowed at all) by some plumbing codes. Remember to check local plumbing codes prior to purchasing.
Caps are, surprisingly enough, used to cap a pipe end. Plugs do pretty much the same thing, but usually fit inside the fitting, and are threaded to allow for future use of the pipe. Caps can be threaded, glued, or soldered onto pipe (depending on its material).
Both are available in: ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.
A coupling is used to extend the run of a pipe, or change pipe sizes (in the case of a reducing coupling, also sometimes called a "bell" reducer due to its shape). Available with female threads, or unthreaded for either plastic gluing (solvent welding) or copper soldering, these are among the most-used of fittings.
Offered in: ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.
If you need to change the direction of flow, elbows are likely your best bet. Produced primarily in 90 and 45 degree angles (unique sizes like 22.5 and 60 are also available), elbows can be threaded or sweated, and are one of the most crucial fittings used in plumbing. Street elbows feature male and female threaded ends to easily connect differing pipes or fittings. Some unique elbows also feature a side outlet, making it act more like a tee with a bend.
Available in: ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.
Flanges are used to connect pipes. Pipe is threaded or welded to the flanges, which are then sealed together (usually with bolts). Flange connections are used extensively in industrial applications handling high pressures. They can also be found connecting residential pump systems. "Closet" (or toilet) flanges are found in the home mounting the toilet to the floor and drain beneath.
Offered in: brass, copper, malleable (galvanized and black), and PVC (for closet/toilet flanges).
Nipples are a short stub of pipe, male-threaded at each end, that are used to connect straight pipe runs. Close nipples are threaded from each end along their whole length for particularly tight connections.
Available in: brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.
When more than one branch is required of a water supply, tees are the way to go. Essentially a long coupling with an outlet on the side, these fittings feature their outlets at 90° from the inlet, and are sized according to their "run" (the horizontal, or straight-through dimension of the fitting), and the side outlet (the "top" of the fitting, 90 degrees off the run). When the run of a tee is smaller than the side outlet, it's often referred to as a "bull head" fitting.
Tees are offered in ABS, brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black), PVC, and stainless steel.
"Cross" fittings are 4-way fittings that are essentially the combination of two tees. Many opt to use two tees instead.
Crosses are available in brass, malleable (galvanized and black), and PVC.
These fittings are used to quickly add a tee to an existing length of pipe, without having to cut and re-solder what's there. Most often, this takes place with irrigation systems to add a new sprinkler line. Also referred to as snap-tees, saddles are glued to the pipe, and after setting, the new hole is drilled.
Saddle tees are offered only in PVC.
Unions are an alternative to couplings, when the latter are impractical or inconvenient. Whereas couplings (when not soldered) need to have pipe threaded into them, unions rely upon their own nut to create a seal between the pipe ends. This makes them the perfect choice for connecting two fixed pipes (that are unable to be threaded into a regular coupling), and make future repairs that much easier. Dielectric unions are used to join pipes of different metals by providing a barrier against galvanic corrosion. For all their benefits, unions do have drawbacks: they are not to be used with natural and LP gas.
They are available in in brass, chrome-plated brass, copper, CPVC, malleable (galvanized and black) PVC, and stainless steel.
Wyes are primarily drainage fittings, and feature a 45° branch line designed to keep flow smooth. While sanitary tees are used with vertical drain connections, they can cause problems when used flat on a horizontal connection: those situations call for a wye.
These are available in brass, ABS, and PVC.
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, a black plastic used in drainage, sewer, waste and vents. ABS pipe/fittings as well as PVC have replaced much of the cast iron, lead, and steel pipes formerly used for DWV. Important to note is that no solvent cement (or primer) can totally "glue" (solvent weld) ABS to PVC plastic.
Made with a mixture of metal alloys: mostly copper and zinc, as well as small amounts of lead, tin, manganese, nickel, aluminum or iron. Brass fittings used for potable water usually have approximately 62-65% copper, 30-35% zinc and very small percentages of tin and lead. Brass works particularly well in hot water applications, and is highly resistant to corrosion.
Reddish-brown, non-ferrous metal widely used for household plumbing pipes. Copper is a relatively soft and often thin material, making threading difficult. As a result, most copper fittings are not threaded, and must be soldered to copper pipe.
Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride is a plastic product designed for drinking water at temperatures up to 180 degrees (where code permits), and can generally withstand higher temperatures than standard PVC. The CPVC fittings we offer will not glue on PVC schedule 40 pipe.
Made from steel. Black iron is mostly used in gas and oil applications, and is often coated with black paint or lacquer. Galvanized fittings are coated with zinc to protect against rust and corrosion. Galvanized piping was widely used for home plumbing in the past, but no longer, due to leak issues over time. Galvanized fittings today are most often used for non-potable outdoor applications, and to repair existing galvanized systems.
A rigid, generally white plastic pipe. Used for waste and vent systems as well as cold water (underground) supplies outside of the house as well as used for sprinkler and irrigation pipes, sewers, drains, wastes and venting pipes and fittings. PVC in the plumbing business is generally white (Sch 40) but sometimes comes in other colors (in our industry gray is the second most popular, and is typically used for Sch 80 PVC). Another color you may see more frequently as water conservation efforts grow is purple, which is used to differentiate reclaimed or grey water systems from potable drinking water systems.
A combination of iron alloys and chromium, stainless steel is durable and offers excellent rust and corrosion resistance. Stainless steel comes in many types, with 304 and 316 being the most used in plumbing. Both are rated to pressures of 150 psi, with type 316 steel providing greater protection against chemical corrosion.